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  1. #1
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    Question Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Hello,

    I have some confusion with Initilization of int.

    Qt Code:
    1. #include <iostream>
    2.  
    3. using namespace std;
    4. int main()
    5. {
    6. int *p = new int[4];
    7. for( int i = 0; i < 6568; i++ )
    8. {
    9. p[i] = i;
    10. cout << i << " ->> " << p[i] << endl;
    11. }
    12. return 0;
    13. }
    To copy to clipboard, switch view to plain text mode 

    Above, i have initilize int *p = new int[4];
    when i run this program on windows it get crashed after printing

    Output :
    0 ->> 0
    .
    .
    .
    .
    6567 ->> 6567
    why is it so ????


    And instead of Initilizing like this
    int *p = new int[4];

    if i initilize
    int *p = new int[100];

    then on running this example it get crahsed on 182 ?
    why is it so ???

    Output :
    0 ->> 0
    .
    .
    .
    .
    182 ->> 182
    can any body explain me why this happens ?
    normally we expect that int[100] will take more values int[4], but its completely different here..!!

    can any body tell me what does these below initilization says..!!

    int *p = new int();
    int *p = new int(10);
    int *p = new int[10];

    Thanks & Best Regards
    Kunal Nandi

  2. #2
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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Quote Originally Posted by kunalnandi View Post
    int *p = new int();
    creates a pointer to int with default value 0.

    Quote Originally Posted by kunalnandi View Post
    int *p = new int(10);
    creates a pointer to int with default 10.

    Quote Originally Posted by kunalnandi View Post
    int *p = new int[10];
    creates a pointer to a first element of array with size == 11

  3. #3
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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    so, if you need to pass of all an array elements you need to use next code
    Qt Code:
    1. const int arraySize = 10;
    2. int *p = new int[arraySize];
    3. for (int i = 0; i < arraySize + 1; ++i) {
    4. *(p3 + sizeof(p) + i) = i;
    5. qDebug() << (*(p + sizeof(p) + i));
    6. }
    To copy to clipboard, switch view to plain text mode 

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Thanks spirit,

    one more question..!!

    int *p = new int[4];
    if i use this in my example then application get crashed after printing 6567

    int *p = new int[100];
    if i use this in my example then application get crashed after printing 182


    Why is it so ??

    Thanks & Best Regards
    Kunal Nandi
    Last edited by kunalnandi; 19th September 2008 at 11:58.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    6567 it is a number of iteration, but your array has only 4 or 100 elements and then index out of range in first case after i == 4 and in second case i == 100.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    you mean to say tht p[0].. to p[4] will accept values and after tht index out of range..

    is it like this
    p[0] = 0
    p[1] = 1
    p[2] = 2
    p[3] = 3
    p[4] = 4
    p[5] will give index out of range ??? is it so ??

    i am not getting this..!! i get crash after i = 6567. why i don't know

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    This is call undefined behaviour. You are accessing (overwriting actually) memory which is not yours. Anything could happen. (You are destroying your stack amongst other things...)

    That is why one can't explain (ok you could if you examine your cpu architecture, compiler etc most carefully you could explain it) at which iteration it will crash. That is part of being undefined.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Quote Originally Posted by caduel View Post
    That is why one can't explain (ok you could if you examine your cpu architecture, compiler etc most carefully you could explain it) at which iteration it will crash. That is part of being undefined.
    Actually it's possible to determine when the application will crash. Memory protection is mostly based on memory pages, so the likely place for the system to notice a violation is when you try to write beyond a page you have access to. As pages are most often 4kB big, the likely spot to have a crash is at most 4096B after the last valid index (unless you are "lucky" and the next page is reserved for you as well). Of course this is all academic talk - accessing memory that is not yours is forbidden, even one byte after the last valid index. This might get your frame stack corrupted which leads directly to many dangerous situations.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Yes, tracking down issues (crashes, if you're lucky) due to out of bounds violations (stack corruptions, overwritten local variables etc) is part of the "fun" when working with C/C++. Especially when the code was written by a dear colleague that has ideally left the company since

    ( In C++ you have more ways to step around this kind of problem as you have std::vector etc and do not have to work with what C calls arrays so often. )

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Quote Originally Posted by caduel View Post
    ( In C++ you have more ways to step around this kind of problem as you have std::vector etc and do not have to work with what C calls arrays so often. )
    What do you mean with 'std::vector'? You certainly mean QVector.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    STL vector, this is General programming.

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    Default Re: Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion..!!!

    Quote Originally Posted by spirit View Post
    creates a pointer to a first element of array with size == 11
    Ouch, this statement is online for days and nobody disagrees loudly?

    int *p = new int[10];

    This reserves memory for exactly 10 integers. 0 ... 9, i.e. size == 10.

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  1. Little confusion Regarding general Initilizaion.. :confused:
    By kunalnandi in forum General Programming
    Replies: 2
    Last Post: 19th September 2008, 11:06

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