Getting superscript of arbitrary number to use in a QString

[Durkin]

Hello,

I have some QGraphicsItems onto which text is drawn from a QString, as well as some buttons whose title again is set from a QString. I 'd like that to include superscripts. Hard-coding it like this

QString text("σ²");

QString text("σ²");

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works, but I 'd like to superscript an arbitrary number. Ie say there was such a function Qsup then ideally I 'd do something like this:

QString text("σ" + Qsup(x));

QString text("σ" + Qsup(x));

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What would be the best approach? Is it possible to use one of qt formats that employ html tags and convert that to a QString? If so a short example would be appreciated.

As an aside, it 'd be ideal to load the text data from a file. But I have trouble loading superscript characters from a plain *.txt file (which is what I 'm using now), no matter what encoding I choose. Any hints about that would also be great.

Thanks.

[wysota]

Not every digit contains a superscript version in Unicode so in a general case you can't do it like that.

[ChrisW67]

Unicode includes range of code points that should render as superscripted or subscripted 0-9 glyphs. Font support for these is patchy AFAICT. You should be able to trivially write a function to map normal Unicode digits 0-9 (U+0030-39) to their super- (U+2070-79) or subscripted (U+2080-89) equivalent.

This is not in any way the same thing as using HTML <sup> or <sub> markup, which causes normal glyphs to be rendered above or below the current baseline in HTML renderers. HTML renderers do not try to convert "&sigma;⁷" into the two Unicode characters U+03C3 and U+2077.


You need to know what encoding you are using your text file because generally you cannot infer it. It might be UTF-8, it might be ISO8859-1 or Windows 1252, it might be UTF16 (big or little endian)...

[Durkin]

Thanks. I wrote a small function myself then, that returns a QString with the superscripts 0-9. Though this is in the code -does qt have a way of converting any of the representations found here to the corresponding character?
-> http://www.fileformat.info/info/unic...2075/index.htm

Anyhow, Arial seems to render them all fine for now.

[ChrisW67]

Yes. Qt can convert from several of those encodings...

#include <QtGui>
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    // UTF-8
    const char s[] = {
        0x78,               // Lower case X 
        0xE2, 0x81, 0xB0,   // superscript zero
        0xC2, 0xB9,         // superscript one
        0xC2, 0xB2,         // superscript two 
        0xE2, 0x82, 0x83,   // subscript three
        0xE2, 0x82, 0x84,   // subscript four
        0x00                // NUL terminator
    };
    QString str = QString::fromUtf8(s);
 
    // UTF-16, BOM then same characters as above
    const ushort s16[] = {
        0xFEFF,     // byte order mark
        0x0078,
        0x2070,
        0x00B9,
        0x00B2,
        0x2083,
        0x2084,
        0x0
    };
    QString str16 = QString::fromUtf16(s16);
 
    // str == str16 is true
 
    QFont font("Arial", 36);
    QLabel l(str16);
    l.setFont(font);
    l.show();
 
    return app.exec();
}

#include <QtGui>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);

    // UTF-8
    const char s[] = {
        0x78,               // Lower case X 
        0xE2, 0x81, 0xB0,   // superscript zero
        0xC2, 0xB9,         // superscript one
        0xC2, 0xB2,         // superscript two 
        0xE2, 0x82, 0x83,   // subscript three
        0xE2, 0x82, 0x84,   // subscript four
        0x00                // NUL terminator
    };
    QString str = QString::fromUtf8(s);

    // UTF-16, BOM then same characters as above
    const ushort s16[] = {
        0xFEFF,     // byte order mark
        0x0078,
        0x2070,
        0x00B9,
        0x00B2,
        0x2083,
        0x2084,
        0x0
    };
    QString str16 = QString::fromUtf16(s16);

    // str == str16 is true

    QFont font("Arial", 36);
    QLabel l(str16);
    l.setFont(font);
    l.show();

    return app.exec();
}

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You will probably see that the rendering of the superscript 1, 2 and 3 (U+00Bx) are different from 0 and 4-9 (U+207x).