Sort of like connect() with a "wildcard" selector.
That is not possible as far as I know.

I just wanted to see if it was possible to avoid 160 lines of connect().
If you use Qt Designer to create the layout and add the labels and lines but not the check boxes, you can create the check boxes in code, place them in the layout, and add them to a vector of QCheckBox *. Then you can use a for() loop to connect each check box to the slot in a single statement.

Here are examples, how it should work:
That sounds very complicated. Maybe you should look at QStateMachine and develop a set of transitions that implement your enable / disable logic.